Newspapers: News Values

 Read Media Factsheet 76: News Values and complete the following questions/tasks. 

Our Media Factsheet archive is available here - you'll need your Greenford Google login to access.

1) What example news story does the Factsheet use to illustrate Galtung and Ruge's News Values? Why is it an appropriate example of a news story likely to gain prominent coverage?

British service woman dies after Afghan bomb blast - this is an appropriate example of a news story likely to gain prominent coverage because of its geographical proximity (away from the UK), cultural proximity (as readers view the soldier as 'one of their own'). On an intensity scale, the first female
officer to be killed is considered more newsworthy as it is unusual. At the time the story was published - 2011 - the war in Afghanistan was a continuity story but often the interest in the story lies in that fact that deaths, even though inevitable, are not predictable.

2) What is gatekeeping?

Gatekeeping is the process of filtering information prior to dissemination.

3) What are the six ways bias can be created in news?

  • Bias through selection and omission
  • Bias through placement
  • Bias by headline
  • Bias by photos, captions, and camera angles
  • Bias through use of names and titles
  • Bias by choice of words

4) How have online sources such as Twitter, bloggers or Wikileaks changed the way news is selected and published?
 
  • blogs have made it more difficult for mainstream news organisations “to sit on a story” but the amount of people accessing such news sources is still not comparable to the amount of people viewing institutional news sources.
  • blog example - blogger Ana Marie Cox released exit poll results during the Obama presidential election campaign, something mainstream press would not do as they argue it could affect the outcome. Cox argued her blogs only affect voter turnout “to the extent people believe them”.
  • Wikileaks, a whistle-blowing site, also cites itself as being a ‘raw source’ of information for news. This 'raw news' bypasses news values 

5) In your opinion, how has the digital age changed Galtung and Ruge’s news values? 

Clarity and lack of ambiguity - unclear stories will not be published from news insitutations as they have a reputation of being a trusted source to uphold, however due to the digital age, anything can be published through social media and citizen journalism on the basis of forming your own opinion ect. Therefore there is no need to have a clear story because both social media and citizen journalism thrive on the confusion of the general public so they are able to clear it up. 

6) How would you update these news values for the digital age? Choose TWO of Galtung and Ruge's news values and say how they have been affected by the growth of digital technology.



E.g. Immediacy is more important than ever due to news breaking on social media or elsewhere online. However, this in turn changes the approach of other news sources such as newspapers as the news will probably already be broken so different angles might be required. Newspapers now contain more comment or opinion rather than the breaking story.  

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